🔢 Mathematics

All four operations — including dividing a fraction by a fraction (no calculator). Mixed numbers, improper fractions, and fraction word problems.

Percentage increase/decrease, finding the whole given a part and the percentage, discount, GST, and annual interest.

2-part and 3-part ratios, equivalent ratios, dividing a quantity in a given ratio, and the ratio–fraction relationship.

Using letters to represent unknowns, simplifying linear expressions, evaluating by substitution, and solving simple linear equations.

Numbers up to 10 million, order of operations with brackets, factors and multiples (HCF/LCM), and mental calculation strategies.

Area and circumference of a full circle, semicircle, and quarter circle. Perimeter and area of composite figures combining circles with squares, rectangles, and triangles.

Area of triangles and composite figures. Volume of cubes and cuboids — including working backwards to find an unknown dimension given volume and other sides.

Finding unknown angles in composite figures involving triangles and all special quadrilaterals — parallelogram, rhombus, trapezium.

Average as total ÷ number of data. Finding the total, the number of items, or a missing value given the average.

Reading and interpreting pie charts (angles → fractions → percentages), bar graphs, line graphs, and tables. Often paired with fractions, percentages, and averages.